Most people who visit Mount Stewart wonder at its
design, its architectural detail and its rich and varied planting, and today I
will touch on telling you a little bit about the Formal Gardens at Mount
Stewart. It all stems back to one
dynamic Lady’s vision. It was the work
of an energetic lady, Edith, wife of the 7th Marquess of Londonderry and her
very able Head Gardener, Mr Thomas Bolas.
As you enter
the garden there are various varieties of Hellebores.
Lady Londonderry was the architect, designer and
planter; Mr Bolas attended to the practicalities. Thomas Bolas was originally
from Derbyshire and trained at Chatsworth. Certainly by 1911 he was a gardener
at Mount Stewart for Theresa, wife of the 6th Marquess of Londonderry, who used
the house for only a few weeks a year. Bolas understood the favourable
micro-climate here at Mount Stewart.
Mount stewart is situated on the narrow Ards Peninsular
in a south westerly facing natural amphitheatre on the east shore of Strangford
Lough, there are few persistent frosts. This part of Ireland is the sunniest
and has a near idyllic rainfall, some 35” per annum.
Clematis
armandii
This must
be one of the topiary sculptures under construction.
This is the view as you approach the house, however
today we are staying in the gardens and in another post, which I will post some
time later, I will tell you about the fantastic renovation project of inside
the house.

Mount Stewart is situated on the narrow Ards Peninsular
in a south westerly facing natural amphitheatre on the east shore of Strangford
Lough, there are few persistent frosts. This part of Ireland is the sunniest
and has a near idyllic rainfall, some 35” per annum. Mount
Stewart was used as a convalescent home for service men during WWI and in 1921,
with the help of 21 demobilized men, The South Terrace and Italian Garden were
laid out by Thomas Bolas under Edith Londonderry’s direction. It is
inconceivable that Lady Londonderry did not have a master plan for the various
gardens because they relate, in terms of level and proportion so perfectly, but
to date, no overarching plan has come to light. That Edith was a scholar of
garden history is evident throughout her designs, with many features adapted
from the more famous gardens of Italy.
A lone Hooded Crow was on the main lawn overlooking the
front of the house.
This is a view of the Sunk Garden which was excavated
after the South Terrace and Italian Garden in 1921 and ostensibly completed by
1922. Centred on the ‘Little Dining Room
or Breakfast Room’, the Sunk and in some ways the Shamrock Garden beyond (I
will show you later) are the only parts of the garden visible from the ground
floor of the house. The following 7
shots are taken in this garden.
The pergola surrounding three sides of the Sunk Garden
is clothed with a mixture of exotic climbers and wall shrubs mixed with more
common subjects. This is a key hallmark of Lady Londonderry’s planting style,
the latest rare discoveries with the best of the horticultural mainstream.
The southern walk of the Pergola is known as the
Polemarch Terrace, one of Lord Londonderry’s race horses, who won the Thousand
Guineas, St. Ledger in 1921 coming in at 50:1 and is commemorated by an
inscribed stone.
Erica-Heather
Succulent
This is the entrance to the Shamrock
Garden beyond the Sunk Garden and are the only parts of the garden visible from the ground floor of
the house.
Lord
Londonderry’s bedroom immediately above this has a panoramic view over the Sunk
Garden and reveals the Red Hand of the Shamrock Garden and in times past, a
long view to Scrabo Tower, built by the tenants of the 5th Marquess. Of course, at present is has been replanted and as far as I could tell probably with red wallflowers. I think then they replace those with red Salvia. Certainly that was what was planted last year. If you wish to see how the gardens looked last year, click here.


Over the steps, the Shamrock Garden beckons. Here are
complex allusions to Irish mythology and folklore.
The surviving Formorian, a half human, half demon has
now become an abstract, but was originally more menacing, blowing a trumpet,
with wings folded on his back and a dragons tail, this figure is made from
Irish Yew grafted on to a double round plinth of English Yew. Its brother, now
departed, but soon to be replaced, was of similar composition, but the figure
depicted a giant Anteater rearing up on its back legs, possibly an allusion to
her nephew, Anthony the Anteater, director of Regent’s Park Zoo.
The large Irish harp in English Yew commands the scene.
Originally, one of three 14’ high topiary pieces.
The Red Hand of Ulster, here represented as a left
hand, is in commemoration of Frances Anne Vane-Tempest, who brought financial
stability to the family when she married the 3rd Marquess. Their crest contains
a gauntleted right hand face down with the thumb to the left. She was an
ancestor of Hugh O’Neill, the last King of Ulster.
These are
some of the flowers seen in the Shamrock garden.
The Shamrock hedge surrounding this garden used to be
4’ taller than it is today and hosted some twenty four topiary pieces, telling
a whimsical children’s story, a collaboration between Edith and the artist,
Edmund Brock. Edith had previously published the ‘Magic Ink Pot’ in 1928 with illustrations
by Edmund Brock.
The inspiration for the design of the figures came from
Queen Mary’s Psalter or to be more precise, the marginalia, the doodles of the
monks when they were bored with transcription. The story begins with the
Stewart family coming to Northern Ireland in a curragh, Edith at the stern
blowing a horn, the three younger children, Helen, Margaret and Mairi under the
rigging and Edmund Brock at the bow with a bottle of whisky and the blue and
yellow Macaw, Edward on his shoulder.


This is a rider blowing a horn – Edith was a great
equestrian. They are hunting the White Stag, who take the souls of the deceased
to Tir na n’Og, (note the Scots Gaelic spelling). If all the figures were
present, there would be dogs and huntsmen with bows pushing some of the younger
children in pushchairs. Then Edith is depicted as an Amazon, bow in hand having
just ‘haunched’ the White Stag with an arrow. Gone now is the Scottish Deerhound
about to bring the stag down. All this being essentially pagan, The Devil now
gets involved by calling down the hawks of the air to disrupt the hunt and
rides the wounded stag to safety. If all the figures were present, the last
would be of a boy walking home disconsolately, with nothing but a skinny hare
on a pole.
It is Mount Stewart's goal one day to return the hedge
to its original height and depict the story with all twenty-four topiary
pieces.
These 2
crown on top of the hedge lead you into a more Formal garden.
I thought this tree was very unusual and I didn't know the name of it when I first posted however Lesley, a gardener from Mount Stewart emailed me with the name. It is Stachyurus praecox. Thank you Lesley.
There is much more information and photographs however I think I
have posted enough and they will have to wait to a later date.
I hope you have enjoyed this part of the Mount Stewart
Gardens today.
Thank you for visiting.
Many thanks for comments left on any of my posts.